ABSTRACT
El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la cinética de desialización eritrocitaria producida por larvas infectantes de Trichinella spiralis y Trichinella patagoniensis. Se trabajó con 7 suspensiones eritrocitarias incubadas con 1.000±200 larvas musculares/mL, durante 2 horas, tomando muestra al tiempo inicial y cada 15 minutos. Los respectivos eritrocitos controles se incubaron de la misma manera con solución salina. Se aplicaron el método de titulación por Polibrene calculando el CexpST y un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) con las comparaciones múltiples según Tukey. Los resultados mostraron que el valor promedio de CexpST disminuyó con el aumento del tiempo de incubación, para ambas especies. En el tratamiento con T. spiralis no hubo diferencias significativas entre el valor medio del coeficiente a tiempo 60 y 75 minutos, mientras que con T. patagoniensis, a 45 y 60 minutos. Todas las restantes diferencias fueron significativas. La comparación entre los tratamientos, para cada uno de los tiempos, mostró que al tiempo inicial el coeficiente promedio no difirió entre las especies, pero que a todos los otros tiempos fue significativamente menor en la incubación de los eritrocitos con T. spiralis. Se concluye que la relación hospedador-parásito que se establece en ambos casos es distinta y probablemente también la capacidad de adaptación y de daño al hombre.
The objective of this work was to study the kinetics of erythrocyte desialization produced by infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella patagoniensis. It was performed on 7 erythrocyte suspensions incubated with 1,000±200 muscle larvae/ mL for 120 minutes, taking samples at the initial time and every 15 minutes. The respective control erythrocytes were incubated in the same way with saline solution. The Polybrene Titration method calculating the CexpST and variance analysis (ANOVA) with the multiple comparisons according to Tukey were applied. The results showed that the average value of CexpST decreased with the increase in incubation time, for both species. There were no significant differences between the mean value of the coefficient at 60 and 75 minutes in the treatment with T. spiralis, while neither were there any differences between 45 and 60 minutes in the incubation with T. patagoniensis. All other differences were significant. The comparison between the two treatments, for each of the times, showed that at the initial time the average coefficient did not differ between the species, but at all other times it was significantly lower in the incubation of the erythrocytes with T. spiralis. It is concluded that the parasite host relationship that is established in both cases is different and probably also is the ability to adapt and cause harm to man.
O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a cinética de dessialização eritrocitária. produzida por larvas infectantes de Trichinella spiralis e Trichinella patagoniensis. O trabalho foi feito com 7 suspensões eritrocitárias incubadas com 1.000±200 larvas musculares/mL por 2 horas, colhendo amostras no tempo inicial e a cada 15 minutos. Os respectivos eritrócitos-controle foram incubados da mesma forma com solução salina. Foi aplicado o método de titulação por Polibreno calculando o CexpST e também uma análise da variância (ANOVA) com as comparações múltiplas de acordo com Tukey. Os resultados mostraram que o valor médio de CexpST diminuiu com o aumento do tempo de incubação para ambas as espécies. No tratamento com T. spiralis não houve diferenças significativas entre o valor médio do coeficiente no tempo 60 e 75 minutos, ao passo que com T. patagoniensis, aos 45 e 60 minutos. Todas as diferenças restantes foram significativas. A comparação entre os tratamentos, para cada um dos tempos, mostrou que no tempo inicial o coeficiente médio não diferiu entre as espécies, mas que em todos os outros tempos foi significativamente menor na incubação dos eritrócitos com T. spiralis. A conclusão é que a relação hospedeiro-parasita, estabelecida em ambos os casos, é diferente e provavelmente também a capacidade de adaptação e dano ao homem.
Subject(s)
Trichinella/pathogenicity , Kinetics , Trichinella spiralis/enzymology , Trichinella spiralis/parasitology , Parasites , Trichinella , Trichinella/enzymology , Trichinella/parasitology , Trichinella spiralis , Larva , MethodsABSTRACT
Trichinellosis is a serious disease with no satisfactory treatment. We aimed to assess the effect of myrrh (Commiphora molmol) and, for the first time, thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) against enteral and encysted (parenteral) phases of Trichinella spiralis in mice compared with albendazole, and detect their effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg of myrrh and thyme led to adult reduction (90.9%, 79.4%), while 1,000 mg/kg led to larvae reduction (79.6%, 71.3%), respectively. Administration of 50 mg/kg of albendazole resulted in adult and larvae reduction (94.2%, 90.9%). Positive immunostaining of inflammatory cells infiltrating intestinal mucosa and submucosa of all treated groups was detected. Myrrh-treated mice showed the highest iNOS expression followed by albendazole, then thyme. On the other hand, both myrrh and thyme-treated groups showed stronger iNOS expression of inflammatory cells infiltrating and surrounding encapsulated T. spiralis larvae than albendazole treated group. In conclusion, myrrh and thyme extracts are highly effective against both phases of T. spiralis and showed strong iNOS expressions, especially myrrh which could be a promising alternative drug. This experiment provides a basis for further exploration of this plant by isolation and retesting the active principles of both extracts against different stages of T. spiralis.